類別 Rational

有理數可以用一對整數表示:a/b (b>0),其中 a 是分子,b 是分母。在數學上,Integer a 等於有理數 a/1。

您可以使用下列方式明確建立 Rational 物件:

您可以使用下列方式將特定物件轉換為有理數:

範例

Rational(1)      #=> (1/1)
Rational(2, 3)   #=> (2/3)
Rational(4, -6)  #=> (-2/3) # Reduced.
3.to_r           #=> (3/1)
2/3r             #=> (2/3)

您也可以從浮點數或字串建立有理數物件。

Rational(0.3)    #=> (5404319552844595/18014398509481984)
Rational('0.3')  #=> (3/10)
Rational('2/3')  #=> (2/3)

0.3.to_r         #=> (5404319552844595/18014398509481984)
'0.3'.to_r       #=> (3/10)
'2/3'.to_r       #=> (2/3)
0.3.rationalize  #=> (3/10)

有理數物件是精確數字,可協助您撰寫不會出現任何捨入誤差的程式。

10.times.inject(0) {|t| t + 0.1 }              #=> 0.9999999999999999
10.times.inject(0) {|t| t + Rational('0.1') }  #=> (1/1)

不過,當表達式包含不精確的元件(數值或運算)時,它會產生不精確的結果。

Rational(10) / 3   #=> (10/3)
Rational(10) / 3.0 #=> 3.3333333333333335

Rational(-8) ** Rational(1, 3)
                   #=> (1.0000000000000002+1.7320508075688772i)

公開類別方法

json_create(object) 按一下以切換來源

請參閱 as_json

# File ext/json/lib/json/add/rational.rb, line 9
def self.json_create(object)
  Rational(object['n'], object['d'])
end

公開實例方法

rat * numeric → numeric 按一下以切換來源

執行乘法。

Rational(2, 3)  * Rational(2, 3)   #=> (4/9)
Rational(900)   * Rational(1)      #=> (900/1)
Rational(-2, 9) * Rational(-9, 2)  #=> (1/1)
Rational(9, 8)  * 4                #=> (9/2)
Rational(20, 9) * 9.8              #=> 21.77777777777778
VALUE
rb_rational_mul(VALUE self, VALUE other)
{
    if (RB_INTEGER_TYPE_P(other)) {
        {
            get_dat1(self);

            return f_muldiv(self,
                            dat->num, dat->den,
                            other, ONE, '*');
        }
    }
    else if (RB_FLOAT_TYPE_P(other)) {
        return DBL2NUM(nurat_to_double(self) * RFLOAT_VALUE(other));
    }
    else if (RB_TYPE_P(other, T_RATIONAL)) {
        {
            get_dat2(self, other);

            return f_muldiv(self,
                            adat->num, adat->den,
                            bdat->num, bdat->den, '*');
        }
    }
    else {
        return rb_num_coerce_bin(self, other, '*');
    }
}
rat ** numeric → numeric 按一下以切換來源

執行指數運算。

Rational(2)    ** Rational(3)     #=> (8/1)
Rational(10)   ** -2              #=> (1/100)
Rational(10)   ** -2.0            #=> 0.01
Rational(-4)   ** Rational(1, 2)  #=> (0.0+2.0i)
Rational(1, 2) ** 0               #=> (1/1)
Rational(1, 2) ** 0.0             #=> 1.0
VALUE
rb_rational_pow(VALUE self, VALUE other)
{
    if (k_numeric_p(other) && k_exact_zero_p(other))
        return f_rational_new_bang1(CLASS_OF(self), ONE);

    if (k_rational_p(other)) {
        get_dat1(other);

        if (f_one_p(dat->den))
            other = dat->num; /* c14n */
    }

    /* Deal with special cases of 0**n and 1**n */
    if (k_numeric_p(other) && k_exact_p(other)) {
        get_dat1(self);
        if (f_one_p(dat->den)) {
            if (f_one_p(dat->num)) {
                return f_rational_new_bang1(CLASS_OF(self), ONE);
            }
            else if (f_minus_one_p(dat->num) && RB_INTEGER_TYPE_P(other)) {
                return f_rational_new_bang1(CLASS_OF(self), INT2FIX(rb_int_odd_p(other) ? -1 : 1));
            }
            else if (INT_ZERO_P(dat->num)) {
                if (rb_num_negative_p(other)) {
                    rb_num_zerodiv();
                }
                else {
                    return f_rational_new_bang1(CLASS_OF(self), ZERO);
                }
            }
        }
    }

    /* General case */
    if (FIXNUM_P(other)) {
        {
            VALUE num, den;

            get_dat1(self);

            if (INT_POSITIVE_P(other)) {
                num = rb_int_pow(dat->num, other);
                den = rb_int_pow(dat->den, other);
            }
            else if (INT_NEGATIVE_P(other)) {
                num = rb_int_pow(dat->den, rb_int_uminus(other));
                den = rb_int_pow(dat->num, rb_int_uminus(other));
            }
            else {
                num = ONE;
                den = ONE;
            }
            if (RB_FLOAT_TYPE_P(num)) { /* infinity due to overflow */
                if (RB_FLOAT_TYPE_P(den))
                    return DBL2NUM(nan(""));
                return num;
            }
            if (RB_FLOAT_TYPE_P(den)) { /* infinity due to overflow */
                num = ZERO;
                den = ONE;
            }
            return f_rational_new2(CLASS_OF(self), num, den);
        }
    }
    else if (RB_BIGNUM_TYPE_P(other)) {
        rb_warn("in a**b, b may be too big");
        return rb_float_pow(nurat_to_f(self), other);
    }
    else if (RB_FLOAT_TYPE_P(other) || RB_TYPE_P(other, T_RATIONAL)) {
        return rb_float_pow(nurat_to_f(self), other);
    }
    else {
        return rb_num_coerce_bin(self, other, idPow);
    }
}
rat + numeric → numeric 按一下以切換來源

執行加法。

Rational(2, 3)  + Rational(2, 3)   #=> (4/3)
Rational(900)   + Rational(1)      #=> (901/1)
Rational(-2, 9) + Rational(-9, 2)  #=> (-85/18)
Rational(9, 8)  + 4                #=> (41/8)
Rational(20, 9) + 9.8              #=> 12.022222222222222
VALUE
rb_rational_plus(VALUE self, VALUE other)
{
    if (RB_INTEGER_TYPE_P(other)) {
        {
            get_dat1(self);

            return f_rational_new_no_reduce2(CLASS_OF(self),
                                             rb_int_plus(dat->num, rb_int_mul(other, dat->den)),
                                             dat->den);
        }
    }
    else if (RB_FLOAT_TYPE_P(other)) {
        return DBL2NUM(nurat_to_double(self) + RFLOAT_VALUE(other));
    }
    else if (RB_TYPE_P(other, T_RATIONAL)) {
        {
            get_dat2(self, other);

            return f_addsub(self,
                            adat->num, adat->den,
                            bdat->num, bdat->den, '+');
        }
    }
    else {
        return rb_num_coerce_bin(self, other, '+');
    }
}
rat - numeric → numeric 按一下以切換來源

執行減法。

Rational(2, 3)  - Rational(2, 3)   #=> (0/1)
Rational(900)   - Rational(1)      #=> (899/1)
Rational(-2, 9) - Rational(-9, 2)  #=> (77/18)
Rational(9, 8)  - 4                #=> (-23/8)
Rational(20, 9) - 9.8              #=> -7.577777777777778
VALUE
rb_rational_minus(VALUE self, VALUE other)
{
    if (RB_INTEGER_TYPE_P(other)) {
        {
            get_dat1(self);

            return f_rational_new_no_reduce2(CLASS_OF(self),
                                             rb_int_minus(dat->num, rb_int_mul(other, dat->den)),
                                             dat->den);
        }
    }
    else if (RB_FLOAT_TYPE_P(other)) {
        return DBL2NUM(nurat_to_double(self) - RFLOAT_VALUE(other));
    }
    else if (RB_TYPE_P(other, T_RATIONAL)) {
        {
            get_dat2(self, other);

            return f_addsub(self,
                            adat->num, adat->den,
                            bdat->num, bdat->den, '-');
        }
    }
    else {
        return rb_num_coerce_bin(self, other, '-');
    }
}
-rat → rational 按一下以切換來源

rat 取負。

VALUE
rb_rational_uminus(VALUE self)
{
    const int unused = (assert(RB_TYPE_P(self, T_RATIONAL)), 0);
    get_dat1(self);
    (void)unused;
    return f_rational_new2(CLASS_OF(self), rb_int_uminus(dat->num), dat->den);
}
rat / numeric → numeric 按一下以切換來源

執行除法。

Rational(2, 3)  / Rational(2, 3)   #=> (1/1)
Rational(900)   / Rational(1)      #=> (900/1)
Rational(-2, 9) / Rational(-9, 2)  #=> (4/81)
Rational(9, 8)  / 4                #=> (9/32)
Rational(20, 9) / 9.8              #=> 0.22675736961451246
VALUE
rb_rational_div(VALUE self, VALUE other)
{
    if (RB_INTEGER_TYPE_P(other)) {
        if (f_zero_p(other))
            rb_num_zerodiv();
        {
            get_dat1(self);

            return f_muldiv(self,
                            dat->num, dat->den,
                            other, ONE, '/');
        }
    }
    else if (RB_FLOAT_TYPE_P(other)) {
        VALUE v = nurat_to_f(self);
        return rb_flo_div_flo(v, other);
    }
    else if (RB_TYPE_P(other, T_RATIONAL)) {
        if (f_zero_p(other))
            rb_num_zerodiv();
        {
            get_dat2(self, other);

            if (f_one_p(self))
                return f_rational_new_no_reduce2(CLASS_OF(self),
                                                 bdat->den, bdat->num);

            return f_muldiv(self,
                            adat->num, adat->den,
                            bdat->num, bdat->den, '/');
        }
    }
    else {
        return rb_num_coerce_bin(self, other, '/');
    }
}
別名為:quo
rational <=> numeric → -1, 0, +1, 或 nil 按一下以切換來源

傳回 -1、0 或 +1,視 rational 是否小於、等於或大於 numeric

如果兩個值無法比較,則傳回 nil

Rational(2, 3) <=> Rational(2, 3)  #=> 0
Rational(5)    <=> 5               #=> 0
Rational(2, 3) <=> Rational(1, 3)  #=> 1
Rational(1, 3) <=> 1               #=> -1
Rational(1, 3) <=> 0.3             #=> 1

Rational(1, 3) <=> "0.3"           #=> nil
VALUE
rb_rational_cmp(VALUE self, VALUE other)
{
    switch (TYPE(other)) {
      case T_FIXNUM:
      case T_BIGNUM:
        {
            get_dat1(self);

            if (dat->den == LONG2FIX(1))
                return rb_int_cmp(dat->num, other); /* c14n */
            other = f_rational_new_bang1(CLASS_OF(self), other);
            /* FALLTHROUGH */
        }

      case T_RATIONAL:
        {
            VALUE num1, num2;

            get_dat2(self, other);

            if (FIXNUM_P(adat->num) && FIXNUM_P(adat->den) &&
                FIXNUM_P(bdat->num) && FIXNUM_P(bdat->den)) {
                num1 = f_imul(FIX2LONG(adat->num), FIX2LONG(bdat->den));
                num2 = f_imul(FIX2LONG(bdat->num), FIX2LONG(adat->den));
            }
            else {
                num1 = rb_int_mul(adat->num, bdat->den);
                num2 = rb_int_mul(bdat->num, adat->den);
            }
            return rb_int_cmp(rb_int_minus(num1, num2), ZERO);
        }

      case T_FLOAT:
        return rb_dbl_cmp(nurat_to_double(self), RFLOAT_VALUE(other));

      default:
        return rb_num_coerce_cmp(self, other, idCmp);
    }
}
rat == object → true 或 false 按一下以切換來源

如果 rat 在數值上等於 object,則傳回 true

Rational(2, 3)  == Rational(2, 3)   #=> true
Rational(5)     == 5                #=> true
Rational(0)     == 0.0              #=> true
Rational('1/3') == 0.33             #=> false
Rational('1/2') == '1/2'            #=> false
static VALUE
nurat_eqeq_p(VALUE self, VALUE other)
{
    if (RB_INTEGER_TYPE_P(other)) {
        get_dat1(self);

        if (RB_INTEGER_TYPE_P(dat->num) && RB_INTEGER_TYPE_P(dat->den)) {
            if (INT_ZERO_P(dat->num) && INT_ZERO_P(other))
                return Qtrue;

            if (!FIXNUM_P(dat->den))
                return Qfalse;
            if (FIX2LONG(dat->den) != 1)
                return Qfalse;
            return rb_int_equal(dat->num, other);
        }
        else {
            const double d = nurat_to_double(self);
            return RBOOL(FIXNUM_ZERO_P(rb_dbl_cmp(d, NUM2DBL(other))));
        }
    }
    else if (RB_FLOAT_TYPE_P(other)) {
        const double d = nurat_to_double(self);
        return RBOOL(FIXNUM_ZERO_P(rb_dbl_cmp(d, RFLOAT_VALUE(other))));
    }
    else if (RB_TYPE_P(other, T_RATIONAL)) {
        {
            get_dat2(self, other);

            if (INT_ZERO_P(adat->num) && INT_ZERO_P(bdat->num))
                return Qtrue;

            return RBOOL(rb_int_equal(adat->num, bdat->num) &&
                              rb_int_equal(adat->den, bdat->den));
        }
    }
    else {
        return rb_equal(other, self);
    }
}
abs → rational 按一下以切換來源

傳回 rat 的絕對值。

(1/2r).abs    #=> (1/2)
(-1/2r).abs   #=> (1/2)
VALUE
rb_rational_abs(VALUE self)
{
    get_dat1(self);
    if (INT_NEGATIVE_P(dat->num)) {
        VALUE num = rb_int_abs(dat->num);
        return nurat_s_canonicalize_internal_no_reduce(CLASS_OF(self), num, dat->den);
    }
    return self;
}
別名為:magnitude
as_json(*) 按一下以切換來源

方法 Rational#as_jsonRational.json_create 可用於序列化和反序列化 Rational 物件;請參閱 Marshal

方法 Rational#as_json 會序列化 self,傳回代表 self 的 2 元素雜湊。

require 'json/add/rational'
x = Rational(2, 3).as_json
# => {"json_class"=>"Rational", "n"=>2, "d"=>3}

方法 JSON.create 會反序列化此類雜湊,傳回 Rational 物件。

Rational.json_create(x)
# => (2/3)
# File ext/json/lib/json/add/rational.rb, line 29
def as_json(*)
  {
    JSON.create_id => self.class.name,
    'n'            => numerator,
    'd'            => denominator,
  }
end
ceil([ndigits]) → 整數或 rational 按一下以切換來源

傳回大於或等於 rat 的最小數字,其精度為 ndigits 小數位數 (預設值:0)。

當精度為負數時,傳回值為整數,其尾數至少有 ndigits.abs 個 0。

ndigits 為正數時傳回 rational,否則傳回整數。

Rational(3).ceil      #=> 3
Rational(2, 3).ceil   #=> 1
Rational(-3, 2).ceil  #=> -1

  #    decimal      -  1  2  3 . 4  5  6
  #                   ^  ^  ^  ^   ^  ^
  #   precision      -3 -2 -1  0  +1 +2

Rational('-123.456').ceil(+1).to_f  #=> -123.4
Rational('-123.456').ceil(-1)       #=> -120
static VALUE
nurat_ceil_n(int argc, VALUE *argv, VALUE self)
{
    return f_round_common(argc, argv, self, nurat_ceil);
}
denominator → 整數 按一下以切換來源

傳回分母 (永遠為正數)。

Rational(7).denominator             #=> 1
Rational(7, 1).denominator          #=> 1
Rational(9, -4).denominator         #=> 4
Rational(-2, -10).denominator       #=> 5
static VALUE
nurat_denominator(VALUE self)
{
    get_dat1(self);
    return dat->den;
}
fdiv(numeric) → 浮點數 按一下以切換來源

執行除法並傳回值為 Float

Rational(2, 3).fdiv(1)       #=> 0.6666666666666666
Rational(2, 3).fdiv(0.5)     #=> 1.3333333333333333
Rational(2).fdiv(3)          #=> 0.6666666666666666
static VALUE
nurat_fdiv(VALUE self, VALUE other)
{
    VALUE div;
    if (f_zero_p(other))
        return rb_rational_div(self, rb_float_new(0.0));
    if (FIXNUM_P(other) && other == LONG2FIX(1))
        return nurat_to_f(self);
    div = rb_rational_div(self, other);
    if (RB_TYPE_P(div, T_RATIONAL))
        return nurat_to_f(div);
    if (RB_FLOAT_TYPE_P(div))
        return div;
    return rb_funcall(div, idTo_f, 0);
}
floor([ndigits]) → 整數或 rational 按一下以切換來源

傳回小於或等於 rat 的最大數字,其精度為 ndigits 小數位數 (預設值:0)。

當精度為負數時,傳回值為整數,其尾數至少有 ndigits.abs 個 0。

ndigits 為正數時傳回 rational,否則傳回整數。

Rational(3).floor      #=> 3
Rational(2, 3).floor   #=> 0
Rational(-3, 2).floor  #=> -2

  #    decimal      -  1  2  3 . 4  5  6
  #                   ^  ^  ^  ^   ^  ^
  #   precision      -3 -2 -1  0  +1 +2

Rational('-123.456').floor(+1).to_f  #=> -123.5
Rational('-123.456').floor(-1)       #=> -130
static VALUE
nurat_floor_n(int argc, VALUE *argv, VALUE self)
{
    return f_round_common(argc, argv, self, nurat_floor);
}
hash() 按一下以切換來源
static VALUE
nurat_hash(VALUE self)
{
    return ST2FIX(rb_rational_hash(self));
}
inspect → 字串 按一下以切換來源

傳回值作為字串以供檢查。

Rational(2).inspect      #=> "(2/1)"
Rational(-8, 6).inspect  #=> "(-4/3)"
Rational('1/2').inspect  #=> "(1/2)"
static VALUE
nurat_inspect(VALUE self)
{
    VALUE s;

    s = rb_usascii_str_new2("(");
    rb_str_concat(s, f_format(self, f_inspect));
    rb_str_cat2(s, ")");

    return s;
}
大小 → 有理數

傳回 rat 的絕對值。

(1/2r).abs    #=> (1/2)
(-1/2r).abs   #=> (1/2)
別名:abs
negative? → true 或 false 按一下以切換來源

如果 rat 小於 0,則傳回 true

static VALUE
nurat_negative_p(VALUE self)
{
    get_dat1(self);
    return RBOOL(INT_NEGATIVE_P(dat->num));
}
numerator → 整數 按一下以切換來源

傳回分子。

Rational(7).numerator        #=> 7
Rational(7, 1).numerator     #=> 7
Rational(9, -4).numerator    #=> -9
Rational(-2, -10).numerator  #=> 1
static VALUE
nurat_numerator(VALUE self)
{
    get_dat1(self);
    return dat->num;
}
positive? → true 或 false 按一下以切換來源

如果 rat 大於 0,則傳回 true

static VALUE
nurat_positive_p(VALUE self)
{
    get_dat1(self);
    return RBOOL(INT_POSITIVE_P(dat->num));
}
quo(數字) → 數字

執行除法。

Rational(2, 3)  / Rational(2, 3)   #=> (1/1)
Rational(900)   / Rational(1)      #=> (900/1)
Rational(-2, 9) / Rational(-9, 2)  #=> (4/81)
Rational(9, 8)  / 4                #=> (9/32)
Rational(20, 9) / 9.8              #=> 0.22675736961451246
別名:/
rationalize → self 按一下以切換來源
rationalize(eps) → 有理數

如果指定選用引數 eps,則傳回較簡單的值近似值 (rat-|eps| <= result <= rat+|eps|),否則傳回 self。

r = Rational(5033165, 16777216)
r.rationalize                    #=> (5033165/16777216)
r.rationalize(Rational('0.01'))  #=> (3/10)
r.rationalize(Rational('0.1'))   #=> (1/3)
static VALUE
nurat_rationalize(int argc, VALUE *argv, VALUE self)
{
    VALUE e, a, b, p, q;
    VALUE rat = self;
    get_dat1(self);

    if (rb_check_arity(argc, 0, 1) == 0)
        return self;

    e = f_abs(argv[0]);

    if (INT_NEGATIVE_P(dat->num)) {
        rat = f_rational_new2(RBASIC_CLASS(self), rb_int_uminus(dat->num), dat->den);
    }

    a = FIXNUM_ZERO_P(e) ? rat : rb_rational_minus(rat, e);
    b = FIXNUM_ZERO_P(e) ? rat : rb_rational_plus(rat, e);

    if (f_eqeq_p(a, b))
        return self;

    nurat_rationalize_internal(a, b, &p, &q);
    if (rat != self) {
        RATIONAL_SET_NUM(rat, rb_int_uminus(p));
        RATIONAL_SET_DEN(rat, q);
        return rat;
    }
    return f_rational_new2(CLASS_OF(self), p, q);
}
round([ndigits] [, half: mode]) → 整數或有理數 按一下以切換來源

傳回 rat 四捨五入到最近的值,其精確度為 ndigits 小數位數 (預設值:0)。

當精度為負數時,傳回值為整數,其尾數至少有 ndigits.abs 個 0。

ndigits 為正數時傳回 rational,否則傳回整數。

Rational(3).round      #=> 3
Rational(2, 3).round   #=> 1
Rational(-3, 2).round  #=> -2

  #    decimal      -  1  2  3 . 4  5  6
  #                   ^  ^  ^  ^   ^  ^
  #   precision      -3 -2 -1  0  +1 +2

Rational('-123.456').round(+1).to_f  #=> -123.5
Rational('-123.456').round(-1)       #=> -120

選用的 half 關鍵字引數類似於 Float#round

Rational(25, 100).round(1, half: :up)    #=> (3/10)
Rational(25, 100).round(1, half: :down)  #=> (1/5)
Rational(25, 100).round(1, half: :even)  #=> (1/5)
Rational(35, 100).round(1, half: :up)    #=> (2/5)
Rational(35, 100).round(1, half: :down)  #=> (3/10)
Rational(35, 100).round(1, half: :even)  #=> (2/5)
Rational(-25, 100).round(1, half: :up)   #=> (-3/10)
Rational(-25, 100).round(1, half: :down) #=> (-1/5)
Rational(-25, 100).round(1, half: :even) #=> (-1/5)
static VALUE
nurat_round_n(int argc, VALUE *argv, VALUE self)
{
    VALUE opt;
    enum ruby_num_rounding_mode mode = (
        argc = rb_scan_args(argc, argv, "*:", NULL, &opt),
        rb_num_get_rounding_option(opt));
    VALUE (*round_func)(VALUE) = ROUND_FUNC(mode, nurat_round);
    return f_round_common(argc, argv, self, round_func);
}
to_d(precision) → bigdecimal 按一下以切換來源

傳回值為 BigDecimal

必需的 precision 參數用於決定結果的有效數字位數。

require 'bigdecimal'
require 'bigdecimal/util'

Rational(22, 7).to_d(3)   # => 0.314e1

另請參閱 Kernel.BigDecimal

# File ext/bigdecimal/lib/bigdecimal/util.rb, line 132
def to_d(precision)
  BigDecimal(self, precision)
end
to_f → 浮點數 按一下以切換來源

傳回值為 Float

Rational(2).to_f      #=> 2.0
Rational(9, 4).to_f   #=> 2.25
Rational(-3, 4).to_f  #=> -0.75
Rational(20, 3).to_f  #=> 6.666666666666667
static VALUE
nurat_to_f(VALUE self)
{
    return DBL2NUM(nurat_to_double(self));
}
to_i → 整數 按一下以切換來源

傳回截斷值為整數。

等同於 Rational#truncate

Rational(2, 3).to_i    #=> 0
Rational(3).to_i       #=> 3
Rational(300.6).to_i   #=> 300
Rational(98, 71).to_i  #=> 1
Rational(-31, 2).to_i  #=> -15
static VALUE
nurat_truncate(VALUE self)
{
    get_dat1(self);
    if (INT_NEGATIVE_P(dat->num))
        return rb_int_uminus(rb_int_idiv(rb_int_uminus(dat->num), dat->den));
    return rb_int_idiv(dat->num, dat->den);
}
to_json(*args) 按一下以切換來源

傳回代表 selfJSON 字串

require 'json/add/rational'
puts Rational(2, 3).to_json

輸出

{"json_class":"Rational","n":2,"d":3}
# File ext/json/lib/json/add/rational.rb, line 46
def to_json(*args)
  as_json.to_json(*args)
end
to_r → self 按一下以切換來源

傳回 self。

Rational(2).to_r      #=> (2/1)
Rational(-8, 6).to_r  #=> (-4/3)
static VALUE
nurat_to_r(VALUE self)
{
    return self;
}
to_s → 字串 按一下以切換來源

傳回值為字串。

Rational(2).to_s      #=> "2/1"
Rational(-8, 6).to_s  #=> "-4/3"
Rational('1/2').to_s  #=> "1/2"
static VALUE
nurat_to_s(VALUE self)
{
    return f_format(self, f_to_s);
}
truncate([ndigits]) → 整數或有理數 按一下以切換來源

傳回 rat 截斷 (朝向 0) 至精確度為 ndigits 小數位數 (預設值:0)。

當精度為負數時,傳回值為整數,其尾數至少有 ndigits.abs 個 0。

ndigits 為正數時傳回 rational,否則傳回整數。

Rational(3).truncate      #=> 3
Rational(2, 3).truncate   #=> 0
Rational(-3, 2).truncate  #=> -1

  #    decimal      -  1  2  3 . 4  5  6
  #                   ^  ^  ^  ^   ^  ^
  #   precision      -3 -2 -1  0  +1 +2

Rational('-123.456').truncate(+1).to_f  #=> -123.4
Rational('-123.456').truncate(-1)       #=> -120
static VALUE
nurat_truncate_n(int argc, VALUE *argv, VALUE self)
{
    return f_round_common(argc, argv, self, nurat_truncate);
}